Articles in English
Articles are words that define a noun as specific or unspecific. In English, there are two types of articles: the definite article and the indefinite articles. Understanding when and how to use them depends on both grammar and pronunciation rules.
Articles are a type of determiner - words placed before nouns to clarify which thing or how many things we're talking about.
1. Definite Article: the
When to use it: Use "the" when referring to a specific noun that is known to the speaker and listener. This could be because it has already been mentioned, is unique, or is defined by context.
Examples:
- The moon is bright tonight. (there is only one moon)
- I saw the car you told me about. (specific, already mentioned)
- She went to the doctor this morning. (known by context)
Pronunciation tip: "The" is pronounced as /ðə/ before a consonant sound (e.g. the cat), and as /ðiː/ before a vowel sound (e.g. the apple).
2. Indefinite Article: a
When to use it: Use "a" before a singular, countable noun that begins with a consonant *sound* and is not specific.
Examples:
- She bought a book. (any book, not specific)
- He saw a unicorn in his dream. ("unicorn" starts with a /j/ sound)
Note: Use "a" based on sound, not spelling. For example, we say "a university" because "university" starts with a consonant sound.
3. Indefinite Article: an
When to use it: Use "an" before a singular, countable noun that begins with a vowel *sound* and is not specific.
Examples:
- He ate an orange. ("orange" starts with a vowel sound)
- They need an hour to finish. ("hour" starts with a silent "h" → vowel sound)
Note: Use "an" based on pronunciation. Words like "honest" take "an" because they start with a vowel sound, even if the first letter is a consonant.
Practice Test - Articles
Choose the correct article to complete each sentence.
Fill in the Blanks
Type the correct article (a, an, or the) in each blank.
Advanced Article Usage
Choose the correct article or "no article" (Ø) for each sentence.